Budget-friendly: It’s a less expensive kind of transportation. Both the fixed cost and the variable cost are modest. When we take alternative modalities into account, this lowers the cost. Close quarters: It is perfect for short distances. Truck transport accounts for the largest percentage of the freight.Oct 23, 2023 · When shipping in bulk, the cost per ton-mile for rail transport is often lower than other methods. A train will use less energy when carrying freight that’s equivalent to 300 trucks. This means less fuel is used, which saves costs for shippers. Shipping freight by rail is faster than truck, but only if traveling over long distances. Emissions Calculator. The most comprehensive CO 2 emissions calculator for transport and logistics by air, rail, road, sea and navigable waterways. Worldwide coverage with additional option for CO 2 calculations for cool cargo. Weight of shipment in (kg) Cool cargo. Emissions calculation for refrigerated temperature controlled/cooled freight ...The U.S. Department of Transportation estimates that BTUs extended on per-ton mile total 433 for water transport and 696 for rail transport. However, Greene and Fan (1995)6 found rail and barge efficiencies to be much closer with the BTUs per-ton mile being 344, and 398 respectively. Davis (1999) found rail to be more energy effi-cient, with ... Oct 23, 2023 · When shipping in bulk, the cost per ton-mile for rail transport is often lower than other methods. A train will use less energy when carrying freight that’s equivalent to 300 trucks. This means less fuel is used, which saves costs for shippers. Shipping freight by rail is faster than truck, but only if traveling over long distances. U.S. freight railroads, on average, move one ton of freight nearly 500 miles per gallon of fuel. On average, railroads are three to four times more fuel efficient than trucks. That means moving freight by rail instead of trucks lowers greenhouse gas emissions by up to 75%, on average. • Reducing Highway Congestion:The study shows that, based on the annualized cost methodology, the transport cost per ton-mile via freight pipeline is cost competitive with truck, rail, and TOFC for four of the …Step 1: Determine the total amount of ton-miles. Multiply 1,000 miles times 20 tons, which gives us a total of 20,000 ton-miles. Step 2: Get the weight-based truck emissions factor for a freight truck. The average freight truck in the U.S. emits 161.8 grams of CO2 per ton-mile. Step 3: Multiply this emissions factor with the total ton-miles ...Railways consume up to 9x less energy per tonne-kilometer traveled than trucks; On average, trains are 4x more fuel-efficient; Can carry more freight at the same time; Cheaper for long-distance; Emit …The data tables are based on primary data that EIA collects from plant owners and operators on Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report, and on supplement data and analysis of coal transportation costs that we released in June 2011 and November 2012. The initial report on coal transportation rates covered 2001 through 2008, applied …Airfreight leaves the most significant carbon footprint for large items compared to ocean freight. Flights emit 500 grams of carbon dioxide/metric tons of cargo per kilometer of transportation. However, ships emit only between 10 to 40 grams of carbon dioxide per kilometer. 1. The carbon footprint of airplanes is 20 to 30 times more than ships.FormalPara Box 2.1 Alternative Gas-to-Market Transport Options . A number of methods have been developed to transport and monetize the energy value of methane. This includes the transportation of compressed natural gas (CNG) containers and small-scale LNG ISO tanks via trucks and rail.These “virtual pipelines” can play a crucial role …Rail lines span North America. You can ship products by rail pretty much anywhere in North America. Between the major railroads that operate in Canada, the United States and Mexico and smaller railroads in between, railroad tracks span the continent. Factor in ocean carriers and you can use rail to ship to virtually any destination worldwide.Further, freight cost by rail is ~45% lower on a per ton per km basis compared to average road freight cost.10 ii. Pollution reduction: Increased freight movement on higher sized trucks and rail will enable in ~12% reduction in CO 2 emissions for the top 15 nodes. Higher sized vehicles, on account of lower fuel consumption per ton per km, will ...Table 1: Grain Transport Cost Indicators (xlsx) - Weekly changes in truck, rail, barge, and ocean freight rates using diesel prices, nearby secondary rail market rates, Illinois barge rates, and ocean freight rates from U.S. Gulf and PNW to Japan as proxies. Source: Transportation & Marketing Programs/AMS/USDA As such, in order to compete, the Bakken crude must price below the waterborne crude, including the cost of transport via rail, which, as noted can be $10-$15 per barrel.Oct 15, 2020 · Intermodal spot rates were $1.74 per mile at the beginning of October, compared to the monthly average of $1.31 in May, according to Croke. Overall, U.S. railroads originated about 1.4 million intermodal containers in September, an increase of more than 7% YoY, according to the latest numbers from the Association of American Railroads . Latest shipping cost news. Global declines in the cost of freight, brought on by ongoing shortages, high interest rates, and falling demand caused by the cost of living crisis, have reversed the price hikes caused by the pandemic. The average cost of shipping a 40-foot container fell to $1,681 (£1,347) in September 2023, down from $4,942 (£ ...Jul 26, 2022 · Rail works well for longer journeys and is less expensive than trucking. The point of cost neutrality between rail and trucking is around 130 to 150 miles. Safer transport with an excellent safety record. It helps ease road congestion and lower emissions. Trains burn less fuel per ton-mile than trucks. Drawbacks to rail include: Rail shipping is much more cost-effective than truck shipping for several reasons. Rail is a much more fuel-efficient mode of transportation. Railcars can also …But with over-the-road truck pricing moving higher, the cost of the rail dray move in and out of the container yard is becoming another area for shippers to watch. According to DrayNow data, the national average price for intermodal drayage reached $2.93 per mile in 2019, compared to $2.45 per mile in 2018.May 1, 2001 · Rail external costs are 0.24 cent to 0.25 cent (US) per ton-mile, well less than the 1.11 cent for freight trucking, but external costs for rail generally constitute a larger amount relative to private costs, 9.3–22.6%, than is the case for trucking, 13.2%. Revenue per revenue ton-mile is the revenue earned for transporting one ton of freight across one mile. ... It relies on the use of standardized containers/trailers that can be transferred from ship to rail to truck with no reloading or unloading of the freight itself. ... Average Cost per Full-Time Employee (FTE) Average cost per employee – FTE is …For each barge-related fatality, there are 21 rail fatalities and 79 trucking deaths. In addition, fuel “spills of more than 1,000 gallons are very low for barges, at 2.12 gallons per-million-ton-miles, rail at 5.95 and trucks at 6.04.” Using barge transportation can drastically improve working conditions and cut down on the risk and ...averaged, all rail equipment achieved higher ton-miles per gallon than truck equipment, as shown in Exhibit S-3. Rail achieved from 1.4 to 9.-£imes more ton-miles per gallon than competing truckload service. Rail fuel efficiency ranged from 196 to 1,179 ton-miles per gallon while truck fuel efficiency ranged from 84 to 167 ton-miles per gallon. • Truck vehicle miles traveled, the dominant m ode of freight movement in the United Stat es, grow by 38%, from 300 billion miles in 2019 to 415 billion miles in 2050, as a result of increased economic activi ty. Freight rail ton-miles declin e significantly in the early pa rt of the projectionDividing the cost by the ton-mileage figures we get the cost per ton-mile, as shown in the last column. We can use the total figures at the bottom of the table, dividing the total ton-mileage of 6.200 into the total cost, £46 8s. lid., obtaining an average figure of 1.8d. per ton-mile. Too Much Clerical Labour.Comparison of Freight Rail and Trucking. As of 2014, freight rail resulted in 21.2 metric tons of GHG emissions per million ton-miles while trucks emitted 154.1 metric tons of …Rail external costs are 0.24 cent to 0.25 cent (US) per ton-mile, well less than the 1.11 cent for freight trucking, but external costs for rail generally constitute a larger amount relative to private costs, 9.3–22.6%, than is the case for trucking, 13.2%.One Rail Car: 100 tons: 3,500 bushels: 30,240 gallons: 100-Car Train Unit: 10,000 tons: 350,000 bushels: ... Comparison of the safety records of barge, train, and semi truck per billion ton-miles (Source: C. Jake Haulk Ph.D. – Inland Waterways as Vital National Infrastructure: Refuting “Corporate Welfare” Attacks) Mode of Transportation ...Truck transport works best for short distances and smaller loads. Trucks can load and unload quickly and operate efficiently. Shipping by truck: Is cost-effective when …a Incudes Freight, Express, and Mail. b Estimates from 1980 to 1989 come from the Association of American Railroads using ton mile values from the Surface Transportation Board’s Waybill Sample. The Waybill Sample represents all major U.S. railroads, including all Class I railroads and several short-line railroads. With modernization, C-5 operators can realize a 34 percent less cost-per-flying-hour and 44 percent less cost per ton-mile of cargo - all at 20 percent of the cost of comparable new aircraft.• Truck vehicle miles traveled, the dominant m ode of freight movement in the United Stat es, grow by 38%, from 300 billion miles in 2019 to 415 billion miles in 2050, as a result of increased economic activi ty. Freight rail ton-miles declin e significantly in the early pa rt of the projectionCost: Safety: Rail: 455 ton-miles/ gallon: 216 million annual tons per track: 2.7 cents per ton-mile: 0.61 fatalities per billion tonmiles: Diesel Truck : 105 ton-miles/ gallon: 37.8 million annual tons per lane: 5.0 cents per ton-mile: 1.45 fatalities per billion tonmiles: Rail Freight is: 4 times more fuel efficient;Mar 29, 2017 · Trucks generate 154.2 tons or 10 times more emissions than barges per ton-mile of cargo moved. The report is available here . MORE TOP STORIES Apr 22, 2020 · This price is based on the weight and distance of the shipment. For example, if you ship 24 tons of a commodity 100 miles it would be 2,400 ton-miles. If the rate is $0.30 per ton-mile the transportation cost would be $720. The ton-mile differs depending on the commodity and equipment needed but is calculated based on the tons and miles. In the U.S., freight trains are often 3,500 meters (2.175 miles) in length; in western Europe, freight train lengths are closer to 750 meters (less than one-half mile). As a result, the unit costs per train in Europe are relatively high – and prices paid by shippers are much higher than a U.S. freight rail customer would pay over a similar ...Due to its ability to move large quantities of freight at a time, rail shipping has a lower cost-per-ton-mile (the cost of moving one ton of freight one mile) than truck shipping. Environmental Impact: Shipping by rail is the most environmentally responsible way to ship freight by land. On average, railroads move one ton of freight nearly 500 miles per …Table Of Contents Shipping by Rail vs Truck What is Truckload Shipping? What is Rail Shipping? What is the Difference Between Rail and Road Transport? What are the Advantages of …Apr 22, 2020 · This price is based on the weight and distance of the shipment. For example, if you ship 24 tons of a commodity 100 miles it would be 2,400 ton-miles. If the rate is $0.30 per ton-mile the transportation cost would be $720. The ton-mile differs depending on the commodity and equipment needed but is calculated based on the tons and miles. Railways consume up to 9x less energy per tonne-kilometer traveled than trucks; On average, trains are 4x more fuel-efficient; Can carry more freight at the same time; Cheaper for long-distance; Emit …Latest shipping cost news. Global declines in the cost of freight, brought on by ongoing shortages, high interest rates, and falling demand caused by the cost of living crisis, have reversed the price hikes caused by the pandemic. The average cost of shipping a 40-foot container fell to $1,681 (£1,347) in September 2023, down from $4,942 (£ ...The ton-mile is a standard measure of freight activity that combine distance and weight. Railway and motor both are the mode of transportation so they have the relationship but rail taken largest percentage of intercity freight ton-miles because: • Economically transport capability for large shipment is the reason rail continues to handle largest percentage of …Trucks have cost advantages for shorter distances (less than 250 to 500 miles) and function primarily as the short-haul mode between farm and local silos. ... often less than half of rail’s per ton-mile cost. The economics of unit rail trains. There have been three technical advances in the past half century that have helped U.S. railroads retain …Freight Transport Revenue per Ton Mile. Source: BTS, Table 3-21. Note: Cents per ton-mile. In a competitive market, the revenue a transport company generates depends on its costs and profit margin. High revenue per ton-mile is directly related to high operating costs associated with this revenue generation. Moving freight by rail instead of truck lowers greenhouse gas emissions by up to 75%, on average. AAR analysis of federal data finds: If 25% of the truck traffic moving at least 750 miles went by rail instead, annual greenhouse gas emissions would fall by approximately 13.1 million tons; If 50% of the truck traffic moving at least 750 miles ...freight haulers, nor shippers, nor consumers. The unpriced external costs of transporting freight by truck (per ton-mile) are around eight times higher than by rail; those costs net of existing taxes represent about 20 percent of the cost of truck transport and about 11 percent of the cost of rail transport. For example, a 2015 study conducted by the Congressional Budget Office, found that moving cargo via rail costs about 5.1 cents per ton-mile, whereas the cost via truck is 15.6 cents per ton-mile, and this because a truck can handle 1 – 2 containers per trip, whereas a train can handle a few hundred. There are also external costs indicating …Cost: Safety: Rail: 455 ton-miles/ gallon: 216 million annual tons per track: 2.7 cents per ton-mile: 0.61 fatalities per billion tonmiles: Diesel Truck : 105 ton-miles/ gallon: 37.8 million annual tons per lane: 5.0 cents per ton-mile: 1.45 fatalities per billion tonmiles: Rail Freight is: 4 times more fuel efficient;Rail Cost Adjustment Factor (RCAF) The RCAF was established in response to the requirement in the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 that a quarterly cost-recovery index be created. Each quarter, the AAR submits the RCAF index to the Surface Transportation Board for approval. (Includes the RCAF-U and RCAF-A). RCAF Description. Trains are more fuel-efficient than trucks, and rail transportation produces fewer greenhouse gas emissions per ton of freight transported. Overall, both rail and intermodal transportation have their advantages and disadvantages, and the choice between the two will depend on factors such as distance, cost, and the specific needs of the shipment.The total external cost for these trucks is 0.86 cent per ton-mile. For freight rail the per-ton-mile external cost totals 0.24–0.25 cent. When comparing these …Freightos – The digital freight shipping platform with a free freight quote calculator. Instantly compare air, ocean, and trucking freight quotes from 75+ providers with the perfect balance of price and transit time. Refreshingly easy logistics management with milestone tracking and proactive issue resolution from vetted providers you can trust.Sep 29, 2023 · Published by Statista Research Department , Sep 29, 2023. In 2020, the U.S. average freight revenue per ton-mile in Class I rail traffic stood at 4.4 U.S. dollar cents. This was a slight drop ... The data tables are based on primary data that EIA collects from plant owners and operators on Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report, and on supplement data and analysis of coal transportation costs that we released in June 2011 and November 2012. The initial report on coal transportation rates covered 2001 through 2008, applied …Freight Transport Revenue per Ton Mile. Source: BTS, Table 3-21. Note: Cents per ton-mile. In a competitive market, the revenue a transport company generates depends on its costs and profit margin. High revenue per ton-mile is directly related to high operating costs associated with this revenue generation. The state of the rail freight industry Rail freight revenue per ton-miles stood at some 312.2 billion in 2019, but 2020 had less optimistic results. Iron ores and coal were the leading goods for ...Here’s how cross-border intermodal shipping stacks up against long-haul trucking: Costs: Intermodal shipping typically costs less per ton mile than using trucks for the entire shipment. Sustainability: Rail shipping is the most environmentally responsible way to ship freight over land, so incorporating rail into your supply chain results in fewer emissions …The average shipment by truck was 63 miles compared to an average of 640 miles by rail. Hazardous materials shipments by hazard class Flammable liquids are the predominant hazardous materials transported in the United States, accounting for 81.8 percent by value, 83.1 percent by weight, and 70.5 percent of the ton-miles of all hazardous ... Lower electricity and maintenance costs will magnify the impact of autonomous-related cost reductions. If autonomous electric trucks were to absorb the ton-miles shipped over rail in the US, the truck logistics market could double to roughly 3.4 trillion ton-miles, a $100 billion market-opportunity.The average shipment by truck was 63 miles compared to an average of 640 miles by rail. Hazardous materials shipments by hazard class Flammable liquids are the predominant hazardous materials transported in the United States, accounting for 81.8 percent by value, 83.1 percent by weight, and 70.5 percent of the ton-miles of all hazardous ...Rail Energy Cost Analysis Package: The system Perspective. AAR Report R-467, Association of American Railroads, Washington, D.C., Aug. 1984. ... M.B. Hargrove. The Economics of Improved Truck Design. In The Economics and Performance of Freight Car Trucks, AAR Report R-490, Associ ation of American Railroads, Chicago, Ill., ... nance …– Tax rates on truck shipping: 2.3¢ per ton- mile, $1.62 per gallon – Tax rates on rail shipping: 0.3¢ per ton-mile, $1.34 per gallon Vehicle miles traveled (VMT ) tax (distance only, not weight) plus fuel tax – Truck tax rate: 30¢ per mile, $1.62 per gallon – Rail tax rate: 12¢ per mile, $1.34 per gallon VMT tax alone – Truck ...Oct 10, 2017 · Lower electricity and maintenance costs will magnify the impact of autonomous-related cost reductions. If autonomous electric trucks were to absorb the ton-miles shipped over rail in the US, the truck logistics market could double to roughly 3.4 trillion ton-miles, a $100 billion market-opportunity. Rail external costs are 0.24 cent to 0.25 cent (US) per ton-mile, well less than the 1.11 cent for freight trucking, but external costs for rail generally constitute a …A ton of bulk product can be transported 675 miles by barge inland on a gallon of fuel, compared to 472 miles by railcar or 151 miles by truck. Barges. From an emissions standpoint, rail and tanker transport emit approximately 40 and 800%, respectively, more CO2 per tonne-mile of cargo transported than an inland tanker barge.Trains are more fuel-efficient than trucks, and rail transportation produces fewer greenhouse gas emissions per ton of freight transported. Overall, both rail and intermodal transportation have their advantages and disadvantages, and the choice between the two will depend on factors such as distance, cost, and the specific needs of the shipment.The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) has revised the methodology for calculating freight ton‐miles across modes. 1 The objective is to make more comprehensive estimates by using the estimates of total freight ton‐miles and pipeline ton‐miles from the Federal Highway Administration's Freight Analysis Framework 2 (FAF). FAF uses the …Compare the Costs. The cost per ton-mile for a barge is only $0.97, compared to $2.53 for rail, and $5.35 for trucking. Barge v. Truck & Rail Capability - PDF; Other benefits include an improved natural environment for fish and wildlife, parks and recreational areas, generation of clean and renewable hydroelectric power, reduced soil erosion ...Emissions Calculator. The most comprehensive CO 2 emissions calculator for transport and logistics by air, rail, road, sea and navigable waterways. Worldwide coverage with additional option for CO 2 calculations for cool cargo. Weight of shipment in (kg) Cool cargo. Emissions calculation for refrigerated temperature controlled/cooled freight ...Apr 22, 2020 · This price is based on the weight and distance of the shipment. For example, if you ship 24 tons of a commodity 100 miles it would be 2,400 ton-miles. If the rate is $0.30 per ton-mile the transportation cost would be $720. The ton-mile differs depending on the commodity and equipment needed but is calculated based on the tons and miles. Classes 4–6 truck. Classes 7–8 truck. freight rail. domestic marine. 2020 2030 2040 2050. Passenger travel energy intensity by mode. AEO2022 Reference case. thousand British thermal units per passenger -mile. Freight travel energy intensity by mode . AEO2022 Reference case. thousand British thermal units per ton-mile research found that this cross-cost elasticity has gone down in the European Union (Jourquin et al., 2014; Beuthe et al., 2014). One reason for the range of the results found across countries may be because truck and rail can serve as both substitutes on some routes but also asfor pipelines.2 We provide evidence that the higher air pollution and greenhouse gas costs for rail relative to pipelines generalize to other products, routes, and years in North America. Second, air pollution and greenhouse gas costs are three times as big as spill and accident costs for rail and ten times as big for pipelines. Dry van is the largest segment of the truck market. It is often the primary reference for the U.S. truckload market’s performance. ... 2022 cost per mile operations cost and our analysis of the first three quarters of 2023 operations costs of public trucklines.) Our 2024 refrigerated linehaul forecast similarly remains unchanged, at 2% …Further, freight cost by rail is ~45% lower on a per ton per km basis compared to average road freight cost.10 ii. Pollution reduction: Increased freight movement on higher sized trucks and rail will enable in ~12% reduction in CO 2 emissions for the top 15 nodes. Higher sized vehicles, on account of lower fuel consumption per ton per km, will ...So it looks like autonomy will reduce truck costs by about 1/7 to $.06 / ton-mile. How does this compare to RRs? Data on route rates is closely guarded for competitive reasons.Rail external costs are 0.24 cent to 0.25 cent (US) per ton-mile, well less than the 1.11 cent for freight trucking, but external costs for rail generally constitute a …shipped to refineries by rail and half was shipped by pipelines. Locomotive diesel consumption is estimated based on movements of crude oil from the Surface Transportation Confidential Waybill Sample and industry data on average ton-miles per gallon. Our approach to estimating diesel consumption is similar to that taken by U.S.Higher costs from longer trips are also sending ocean rates spiking: Asia – N. Europe rates more than doubled to above $4,000/FEU this week, with Asia – Mediterranean prices climbing to $,5,175/FEU. Some carriers have announced rates above $6k/FEU for Mediterranean shipments starting mid-month, and surcharges of $500 to as much as …The cost for a railroad to ship lumber will depend on the size of the shipment and how far it must travel. In general, shipping by rail has a lower cost-per-ton mile (the cost to ship one ton of freight one mile) than shipping by truck. To learn how much it costs to ship wood, lumber, construction materials, and wood products like plywood, OSB ... Pipelines spill more, both based on sheer volume, and on a per-ton-mile or per-barrel-mile basis. Rail transport accidents cause more injuries to humans on a per-barrel-mile or per-ton-mile basis. The probability of a spill from Rail is greater on a per-barrel-mile or per-ton-mile basis, though the majority of spills tend to be quite small in …Water Air (including truck and air) Rail (includes truck and rail) Pipeline Other and unknown b) 0 50 100 150 200 250 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Index: 1980=100 Intercity truck Class I rail Water Oil pipeline Figure 1. a) Modal share in 1997; and b) change since 1980 in domestic ton-miles carried by mode. Railroads move roughly 40% of long-distance freight volume (measured by ton-miles) in the United States. Despite the large volume of freight moved, U.S. EPA data show freight railroads only account for 0.5% of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and just 1.7% of emissions from transportation-related sources.metal hydride. For liquid hydrogen, barge delivery was investigated as an option in addition to truck and rail. Transportation costs were estimated for a range of production rates and delivery distances. ... mpg Miles per gallon mph Miles per hour N Newton Nm3 Normal cubic meter Pa Pascal ... scf Standard cubic foot sec Second ton English ton (2,000 …In addition, the value per ton of freight shipments increased by 17.5 percent between 1997 and 2013, from $763 to $896 per ton in 2007 dollars (table 5-1). At the same time, the PPI increased by 63 percent from 1990 to 2012. As a result, real freight revenue per ton-mile increased only for domestic air carriers during that period.If the rate is $0.30 per ton-mile the transportation cost would be $720. The ton-mile differs depending on the commodity and equipment needed but is calculated …a For 1990 and later, air carriers that did not report both financial data and all months of traffic data for a given period were excluded from the calculations. Cargo revenue includes both scheduled and charter property revenue and mail revenue. b General freight common carriers, most of which are LTL (less-than-truckload) carriers. Freight overwhelmingly travels on the ground by two means: truck or train. Trains carry freight with nearly ten times the energy efficiency of trucks per ton/mile (XLS spreadsheet). Hybrid diesel ...Railroads move roughly 40% of long-distance freight volume (measured by ton-miles) in the United States. Despite the large volume of freight moved, U.S. EPA data show freight railroads only account for 0.5% of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and just 1.7% of emissions from transportation-related sources.We also present the comparable estimates for general freight TL trucks from Forkenbrock (1999). The total external cost for these trucks is 0.86 cent per ton-mile. …The results are based on the projected average mix of trucks and trains in California for the given year. Results show that as California’s current truck regulations are implemented through 2023, …. Barges being towed down a river will get 953 netCompare the Costs. The cost per ton-mile for a barge The 2022 CSX system-wide train efficiency metric, as shown above, equals approximately 520 ton-miles per gallon. In other words, CSX trains, on average, can move a ton of freight nearly 520 miles on a gallon of fuel, based on our 2022 revenue ton miles and 2022 fuel use. The fuel efficiency for a freight truck can be estimated in a similar way. FormalPara Box 2.1 Alternative Gas-to-Market Tran One Rail Car: 100 tons: 3,500 bushels: 30,240 gallons: 100-Car Train Unit: 10,000 tons: 350,000 bushels: ... Comparison of the safety records of barge, train, and semi truck per billion ton-miles (Source: C. Jake Haulk Ph.D. – Inland Waterways as Vital National Infrastructure: Refuting “Corporate Welfare” Attacks) Mode of Transportation ... For each barge-related fatality, there are 21 rail fatalities ...
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